The research seeks to investigate the Brazilian State, with a view to establish the types of political reforms undertaken during the last three administrations of the Federal Government under the auspices of the Labour Party (PT) and the respective party alliances. In other words, the study will look into the two mandates of erstwhile President Luís Inácio Lula da Silva and the current President of Brazil Dilma Rousseff. The purpose of the study is to examine the institutional and socio-cultural dynamics established within the internal state-apparatus and also at the level of state-society relations at the point of construction of two federal policies: Solidarity Economy and Agrarian Development- the former having been more representative of urban demands while the latter privileging more the rural constituencies. These represent peculiar policies which emerge and are transformed out of the “political pact” initiated and managed by Lula´s government, also being able to express the dynamics of transformation of the State regarding two epistemological positions of Boaventura de Sousa Santos: State as the newest social movement and the heterogeneous State.